區(qū)。會(huì)議室環(huán)繞辦公區(qū)修建。

●員工參與到項(xiàng)目基線集思廣益討論、工程問(wèn)題方案和變更管理的提出、評(píng)審核風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方案中。由于管理層避免“干擾”、猜測(cè)和自上而下的決定，團(tuán)隊(duì)相應(yīng)地增強(qiáng)了所有權(quán)和責(zé)任感。

●項(xiàng)目和團(tuán)隊(duì)績(jī)效評(píng)估還有獎(jiǎng)金和加薪與項(xiàng)目總體目標(biāo)和績(jī)效相關(guān)。管理層通過(guò)以下方式表彰員工成就：獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和認(rèn)可、允許員工而不是經(jīng)理領(lǐng)導(dǎo)客戶演示、VIP人員訪問(wèn)和電視采訪等。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)

一份固定總價(jià)合同團(tuán)結(jié)了項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)。以下的項(xiàng)目管理實(shí)踐將團(tuán)隊(duì)合作變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)：

項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃與項(xiàng)目基線。在建立基線或項(xiàng)目中任何的自下而上估計(jì)時(shí)，獨(dú)裁都不允許出現(xiàn)。變更只有在被咨詢過(guò)提出者的意見(jiàn)之后才會(huì)被付諸實(shí)施。

項(xiàng)目管理控制系統(tǒng)。關(guān)鍵路徑不僅在問(wèn)題發(fā)生時(shí)才起作用。管理層使用“思考會(huì)”的形式來(lái)做假定情況分析。項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)嘗試新方法來(lái)驗(yàn)證它們?nèi)绾斡绊懗杀竞瓦M(jìn)度。

強(qiáng)調(diào)人員聯(lián)系。包括經(jīng)理、客戶和員工在內(nèi)的項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)緊密接觸。當(dāng)公司里很多人墨守陳規(guī)時(shí)，團(tuán)隊(duì)聚集起來(lái)，集中意見(jiàn)，并一起證明其行之有效。

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理技術(shù)。項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的持續(xù)關(guān)注促使成員在包括同步工程在內(nèi)的各方面工作進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)邀請(qǐng)主要的供應(yīng)商作為平等的伙伴參與到工作中。

原文：
Mission Control
By Ross Foti

By focusing on soft skills, this Canadian aerospace development firm improved its project management practices. In the process, the company refined its niche and diversified its portfolio.

At MD Robotics, innovation means big business. In 1997, the Brampton, Ontario, Canada-based firm was commissioned by Canadian Space Agency (CSA) to deliver a $160 million special-purpose dexterous manipulator (SPDM), a critical component of the International Space Station program and the third robotic system contributed to the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-led effort.

The SPDM performs delicate maintenance and servicing jobs on the International Spec Station, such as installing and removing batteries, operation specialized wrenches and socket extensions, and providing power and data connectivity to payloads – tasks that otherwise would require an astronaut to perform dangerous space walks. What’s more, the latest technology allows the robot to “touch” and “feel” movements.

CSA needed a product that met technical specifications, within budget and schedule, while minimizing the impact and ch

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